A computer is made up of several key components, each playing a crucial role in its overall function. Here are the main components:

Central Processing Unit (CPU) Often referred to as the brain of the computer, the CPU performs calculations and executes instructions. It consists of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) and the Control Unit (CU).

Memory (RAM) Random Access Memory (RAM) is the computer's short-term memory, where it stores data that is currently being used or processed. It is volatile, meaning it loses its content when the power is turned off.

Storage This is where data is kept long-term. Common types include:

Hard Disk Drive (HDD) A traditional storage device using spinning disks and read/write heads.

Solid State Drive (SSD) A faster storage device with no moving parts, using flash memory.

Motherboard The main circuit board that houses the CPU, memory, and other essential components. It allows all parts of the computer to communicate with each other.

Power Supply Unit (PSU) Converts electrical power from an outlet into usable power for the computer's internal components.

Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) Also known as a video card, this component handles rendering images and videos. It is especially important for tasks like gaming or graphic design.

Input Devices Devices used to input data into the computer, such as a keyboard, mouse, or scanner.

Output Devices Devices that output data from the computer, like monitors, printers, or speakers.

Cooling System Includes fans, heat sinks, or liquid cooling systems to dissipate heat generated by the CPU and GPU.

Network Interface Card (NIC) Allows the computer to connect to a network (wired or wireless) for internet access and communication with other devices.

Optical Drive (Less common in modern computers) Used for reading and writing CDs, DVDs, or Blu-ray discs.

Each of these components works together to enable the computer to perform a wide range of tasks.