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August 22, 2024 - BY Admin

What is Arithmetic Logic Unit ALU

An Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) is a fundamental component of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) that performs arithmetic and logic operations. The ALU executes operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and logical operations like AND, OR, NOT, and XOR.

Here's a breakdown of its main functions

Arithmetic Operations

The ALU can handle basic mathematical calculations. For instance, it can add two numbers, subtract one number from another, or multiply and divide numbers.

Logic Operations

The ALU can perform logical operations on binary numbers. These operations include

AND

Outputs 1 only if both inputs are 1.

OR

Outputs 1 if at least one of the inputs is 1.

NOT

Inverts the input (0 becomes 1 and vice versa).

XOR (Exclusive OR)

Outputs 1 if exactly one of the inputs is 1.

Bitwise Operations

It can perform operations on individual bits of binary numbers, such as shifting bits to the left or right.

Comparisons

The ALU can compare numbers to determine if one is greater than, less than, or equal to another.

The results of these operations are then sent to other parts of the CPU or memory for further processing. The ALU is essential for executing the instructions of a computer program, making it a crucial component for computing and data manipulation tasks.

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