Second-generation computers marked a significant advancement in computing technology, spanning roughly from the late 1950s to the mid-1960s. Here are the key features and notable examples of this era
Replaced vacuum tubes, making computers smaller, more reliable, and more energy-efficient. Transistors were more durable and generated less heat.
Supplanted magnetic drums for faster and more reliable memory storage.
High-level programming languages like COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language) and FORTRAN (Formula Translation) became widely used, improving ease of programming and efficiency.
Compared to first-generation computers, second-generation machines were much smaller and more affordable.
The use of transistors allowed for faster processing speeds and greater computational efficiency.
A widely used business computer that was popular in the early 1960s for data processing.
A scientific computer used for complex calculations, often in research and academic settings.
An improved version of the UNIVAC I, offering more power and efficiency for business and scientific applications.
These advancements laid the foundation for further developments in computing technology, leading to the third generation of computers, which introduced integrated circuits.
